這圖就清楚展示, BMS是要和motor 的power train controller 透過CAN network來溝通,
另一個就是也要和ECU溝通, ECU則摘取Energy Demand controller的資料................
總的來說, 要把Motor與battery 發揮最大的效率與效能,
ECU, Power Train Controller, Energy Demand Controller, BMS都要不停的相互合作!
连什么是BMS都不知道，就一直在那里说电机。
连最主要的基本功能是做什么的都说不出来！
Functions of the BMS Fitting an EV with a BMS can improve safety. The battery management system performs the following four functions: 1. Monitoring battery parameters This is the primary function of a BMS. It monitors the state of a cell as represented by parameters such as: Voltage—indicates a cell’s total voltage, the battery’s combined voltage, maximum and minimum cell voltages, and so on. Temperature—displays the average cell temperature, coolant intake and output temperatures, and the overall battery temperature. The state of charge of the cell to show the battery’s charge level. The cell’s state of health—shows the remaining battery capacity as a percentage of the original capacity. The cell’s state of power——shows the amount of power available for a certain duration given the current usage, temperature, and other factors. The cell’s state of safety——determined by keeping a collective eye on all the parameters and determining if using the cell poses any danger. The flow of coolant and its speed. The flow of current into and out of the cell. 2. Managing thermal temperatures Temperature is the biggest factor affecting a battery. The battery’s thermal management system keeps an eye on and controls the temperature of the battery. These systems can either be passive or active, and the cooling medium can either be a non-corrosive liquid, air, or some form of phase change. Using air as a coolant is the simplest way to control battery temperatures. Air cooling systems are often passive as they rely on the convection of the surrounding air or use a fan to induce airflow. However, the main drawback is the system’s inefficiency. Significant power is used to run the cooling system as compared to a liquid-based one. Also, in larger systems such as car batteries, the additional components needed for air-based systems such as filters can increase the weight of the car, further affecting the battery’s efficiency. Liquid-cooled systems have a higher cooling potential than air because they are more thermally conductive. The batteries are submerged in coolant, or the coolant can freely flow into the BMS without affecting the battery. However, this indirect form of thermal cooling can create large temperature differences across the BMS due to the length of the cooling channels. But they can be reduced by pumping the coolant faster, so a tradeoff is created between the pumping speed and thermal consistency. 3. Making key calculations A BMS calculates various battery values based on parameters such as maximum charge and discharge current to determine the cell’s charge and the discharge current limits. These include: The energy in kilowatt-hour(s) (kWh) delivered since the last charge cycle The internal impedance of a battery to measure the cell’s open-circuit voltage Charge in Ampere per hour (Ah) delivered or contained in a cell (called the Coulomb counter), to determine the cell’s efficiency Total energy delivered and operating time since the battery started being used Total number of charging-discharging cycles the battery has gone through 4. Facilitating internal and external communication A BMS has controllers that communicate internally with the hardware at a cellular level and externally with connected devices. These external communications differ in complexity, depending on the connected device. This communication is often through a centralized controller, and it can be done using several methods, including: Different types of serial communications CAN bus communicators, often used in vehicles DC-BUS communications, which are serial communications over power lines Various types of wireless communication including radio, pagers, cellphones, and so on. Only a high-level voltage BMS has internal communication; low-level centralized ones simply measure cell voltage by resistance divide. A distributed or modular BMS must utilize a low-level internal cell controller for modular architecture or implement controller-to-controller communication for a distributed architecture. However, such communication is difficult, especially in high voltage systems, due to the voltage shift between cells. What this means is that the ground signal in one cell may be hundreds of volts higher than that of the next cell. This issue can be addressed using software protocols or using hardware communication for volt-shifting systems. There are two methods of hardware communication—using an optical-isolator or wireless communication. Another factor hampering internal communication is the restriction of the maximum number of cells that can be used in a specific BMS architectural layout. For instance, for modular hardware, the maximum number of nodes is 255. Another restriction affecting high voltage systems is the seeking time (for reading voltage/current) of all cells, which limits bus speeds and causes loss of some hardware options. Optimal Energy Utilization Battery management systems keep the battery safe, reliable, and increase the senility without entering a damaging state. Different monitoring techniques are used to maintain the state of the battery, voltage, current, and ambient temperature. The BMS communicates with the onboard charger to monitor and control the charging of the battery pack. It also helps maximize the range of the vehicle by optimally using the amount of energy stored in it. It is a crucial component in electric vehicles to ensure that batteries do not get overcharged or over discharged, thus avoiding damage to the battery and harm to occupants. The battery is a fundamental component of the electric vehicle, which represents a step forward toward sustainable mobility. The battery management system is a critical component of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Its chief purpose is to ensure safe and reliable battery operation. As an engineering services provider, Cyient works closely with industry experts through our focus areas of megatrends—Sustainable Energy Solutions and Electrification.
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发表于 20-6-2023 06:26 PM
, 你自己都承认了, 老人痴呆发作的阿Pek可以进老人院了, 吥吥吥 !
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