Kovida bhante 分享

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【Kovida bhante 開示分享】阿毗達摩課程系列－施隨念、天隨念

※施隨念

        一個傾向於修習分享和布施的人沒有被貪瞋癡所纏之心，他的心只是緣於施捨而正直。心中緣取施捨德行所帶來的諸項利益，有六種功德：

1. 捨離貪婪

        當我們願意將自己喜愛之物施捨給他人時，內心已不再承受貪婪的繫縛。如此地憶念善行，將使我保持內心的喜悅和捨離貪婪的意願，因此獲益良多。

2. 開放施捨

        當我施捨物品時，並沒有希求對方的回報或物品的歸還，也沒有以投資對方的心態來從中獲得名聲與讚賞。如此地憶念善行，我放開了對布施物和受施者的執著，我是完全的施捨者，因此獲益良多。

3. 淨手施捨

        每一次的施捨，我都能以恭敬心來行布施，從尊重他人之善行中獲益良多。緬甸有一個習俗，做布施之前會把雙手洗乾淨，以表示對受施者和布施善行的恭敬。

4. 樂於棄捨

        我樂於持續分享、捐贈或布施自己所擁有的物品，以遠離慳吝繫縛之德而隨念於自己的樂於棄捨，因此獲益良多。

5. 有求必應

        我願意隨時施捨並期盼別人開口向我尋求救濟。如此憶念有求必應之德，這對我來說是獲益良多。

6. 樂於捐贈和分享

        我只要聽聞哪裡有人需要救濟，便義無反顧地樂於將自己所擁有的物品捐贈和分享給他們。如此憶念樂善好施之德，這對我來說是獲益良多。

※天隨念

        天神因為擁有信、戒、聞、施、慧等功德而得生天界，禪修者應當憶念自己也具有相同的素質。如是以諸天為例證，而隨念於自己的信等之德，故稱天隨念。有五種功德：

1. 信德

        那些天神們基於曾經擁有的淨信，從人界死亡後而出生天界，此淨信之德我亦俱足。

2. 戒德

        那些天神們基於曾經擁有的善戒，從人界死亡後而出生天界，此善戒之德我亦俱足。

3. 聞德

        那些天神們基於曾經擁有多聞正法之德，從人界死亡後而出生天界，此多聞正法之德我亦俱足。好比我們正在學習佛陀所教導的阿毗達摩知識，同等天人擁有多聞之德，如此專注隨念而生起喜悅。
      
4. 施德

        那些天神們基於曾經擁有樂善好施之德，從人界死亡後而出生天界，此樂善好施之德我亦俱足。

5. 慧德

        那些天神們基於曾經擁有止觀、道果之德，從人界死亡後而出生天界，此智慧之德我亦俱足。

        施隨念或天隨念是由於心不斷思惟慷慨施捨的素質或思惟天神五德等特定目標，因而只能獲得近行定，無法證得安止定。
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※講義

The recollection of generosity 施隨念

One who constantly practices sharing and giving should develop the recollection of generosity. There are six qualities of generosity. If the meditator has already practiced any of qualified sharing and giving as mentioned below, he can recollect the generosity.

1) Vigata-mala-maccherena cetasā viharāmi – I abide with my heart free from stain by avarice

"It is great gain for me that I abide with my heart free from stain by avarice."

2) Muttacāga – freely generous

"It is great gain for me that I am freely generous."

3) Payata-pāi – open-handed

"It is great gain for me that I am open-handed."

4) Vossagga-rato – delight in relinquishing

"It is great gain for me that I delight in relinquishing."

5) Yāca-yogo – expect to be asked

"It is great gain for me that I expect or am worthy to be
asked for alms."

6) Dāna-samvibhāga-rato – rejoice in giving and sharing

"It is great gain for me that I rejoice in giving and sharing."

The recollection of deva 天隨念

The meditator should recollect his own special qualities of faith, morality, learning knowledge, generosity, and wisdom with deities standing as witnesses.

1) Those deities were possessed of faith such that on dying here and were born there, and such faith is present in me too.

2) Those deities were possessed of virtue such that on dying here and were born there, and such virtue is present in me too.

3) Those deities were possessed of learning (dhamma-knowledge) such that on dying here and were born there, and such learning is present in me too.

4) Those deities were possessed of generosity such that on dying here and were born there, and such generosity is present in me too.

5) Those deities were possessed of wisdom such that on dying here and were born there, and such wisdom is present in me too.

Sādhu ! Sādhu ! Sādhu !
善哉 ！  善哉 ！  善哉 ！