新手使用 Gentoo Linux。。。

CooKies37

嗨，大家好，小弟我在两星期前，终于成功安装好本人第一个linux的os，第一次接触linux，就选了gentoo...请问是否有点不适合？哈哈。。。不过，还好我成功dualboot了gentoo和windowsXP。。。

其实，我看到好象很多人都用Fedora Core, Redhat, 等。。。但是，我听说gentoo linux比较free to customize所以就直接安装了gentoo.（其实现在才知道，比较free就是比较难搞。。。）,..讲真，用了两个星期多，真的还搞不懂。。。

对了，由于我的是Toshiba A80的laptop,所以有很多硬件如Wireless Card都没能成功地setup。。。。所以，不能用gentoo连上网，真的很麻烦。。。。不知这里有谁成功setup过Intel Pro Wireless 2200b/g在gentoo里面吗？

小弟真的很羡慕各位大哥们的那些script和command的技巧，想学又不知怎样开始。。。。来来去去就只会 ls , cp, mv, dir, 这些普通的，我都还没完全搞清楚呢。。。尤其是那些switch.. -l -a --a? 哈。。。真的很水。。。请问各位大哥，我应该去那里学啊？gentoo的handbook没有教这些冬冬怎样用啊。。。而且，也不懂是否linux任何distro里的command是不是也可以用在gentoo里？但是，我想单单是emerge就很难了。。。好象其他distro都没有用emerge的。。。。

还有，想知道各位大哥是如何学会复杂的command的？我觉得如果单单只是看或读，根本不能真正领会那个command的用法，必须、亲身去使用，一直用，一直写程式。。。才能熟练，不是吗？但是，问题就是，我有时候根本不懂要如何去practice....有任何提议？

真的很高兴这里可以找到许多用linux的朋友，很高兴认识你们，哈哈，以后还要你们多指教。。。

kfchai1982

我本身没有WIRELESS可以试, 所以只能帮你找找资料罗....
刚刚找到这个用NDISWRAPPER的方法安装WIRELESS, 据说可以不需要LINUX的WIRELESS FIRMWARE, 用WINDOWS的DRIVER就可以安装了,试试看吧.

http://www.linuxquestions.org/qu ... ticle&artid=405

momoomo

这是上次帮朋友找的资料，我没试过
成功了请写写心得～～

IPW2200 Wireless Card

It is very easy to make this card work under Gentoo. You just have to enable the following item in the kernel config:


Code: Kernel settings

Device Drivers --->

  Networking Support --->
   

Wireless lan (non hamradio)


In addition, to support wep, ipw2200 needs cryptographic support in the kernel, or as modules:


Code: Kernel settings

Cryptographic options --->

  

Cryptographic API
    <*> AES cipher algorithms (i586)
    <*> ARC4 cipher algorithm
    <*> Michael MIC keyed digest algorithm
    <*> CRC32c CRC algorithm (this wasn't prompted in the emerge of ipw2200)


Install the wireless-tools package:
emerge wireless-tools (note: though, the wireless-tools are marked as a dependency, so they will be emerged anyway when ipw2200 is emerged)

Then make sure that the symbolic link /usr/src/linux points to the correct source, and install the ipw2200 driver and firmware that is in the portage tree:

emerge net-wireless/ipw2200 net-wireless/ipw2200-firmware

You should now be able to insert the module called ipw2200 in the kernel:

modprobe ipw2200

It's recommended to use wep-encryption, so enable it by loading the module:

modprobe ieee80211_crypt_wep

The card should be set up at this point.

On many newer laptops there is a 'wireless radio' kill switch', sometimes a dedicated button, sometimes a function key (fn+f[1-9]). Make sure it is turned on.

In some laptops the wireless has to be enabled in the bios, especially if you have the wireless builtin - if it's not enabled, the button/fn key won't work anyway - Make sure you have the internal wireless enabled.


NOTE: This is fine if you want to use the card with WEP encryption, which is trivial to break. If you need half decent security you need to look into WPA - see the net-wireless/wpa_supplicant ebuild.
[edit]
Trouble with WPA and hwcrypto

If you use net-wireless/ipw2200-1.0.4 and net-wireless/ipw2200-firmware-2.3 or higher you might get errors with WPA:
File: /var/log/messages


ieee80211: eth1: Unknown management packet: 0
ipw2200: Firmware error detected.  Restarting.
ieee80211: eth1: Unknown management packet: 0
ipw2200: failed to send SYSTEM_CONFIG command
  

To solve this problem I can simply turn off hardware crypto:


File: /etc/modules.d/ipw2200


options ipw2200 hwcrypto=0
  


[edit]
List of files

This is the list of the files provided by the ipw2200 and the ipw2200-firmware package; it might be helpful to non-Gentoo users:

/etc/modules.d/ieee80211
/etc/modules.d/ipw2200
/lib/firmware/ipw-2.2-boot.fw
/lib/firmware/ipw-2.2-bss.fw
/lib/firmware/ipw-2.2-bss_ucode.fw
/lib/firmware/ipw-2.2-ibss.fw
/lib/firmware/ipw-2.2-ibss_ucode.fw
/lib/firmware/ipw-2.2-LICENSE
/lib/modules/2.6.11-rc1/net/ieee80211_crypt.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.11-rc1/net/ieee80211_crypt_wep.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.11-rc1/net/ieee80211.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.11-rc1/net/ipw2200.ko
/usr/share/doc/ipw2200-0.21/CHANGES.gz
/usr/share/doc/ipw2200-0.21/ISSUES.gz
/usr/share/doc/ipw2200-0.21/README.ipw2200.gz

momoomo

Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 on 2.6 Kernel

This is very minimal: just a few notes I took down while installing wireless on my laptop, hope these help someone else.

NOTE: This is just how I configured my notebook, I am kind of a newbie, so you may want to double check for yourself. But this worked for me. =)

(Configure kernel to support wireless encryption, etc)
$ su -
# cd /usr/src/linux/
# make menuconfig
  Device Drivers --->
    Networking support --->
      

Networking support
        Wireless LAN (non-hamradio) --->
          <M> Hermes chipset 802.11b support (Orinoco/Prism2/Symbol)
  Cryptographic options --->
   

Cryptographic API
      <*> AES cipher algorithms (i586)
      <*> Michael MIC keyed digest algorithm
      <*> DES and Triple DES EDE cipher algorithms
      <*> MD5 digest algorithm
      <*> ARC4 cipher algorithm
      <*> CRC32c CRC algorithm
# make && make modules_install && modules-update
(Backup your existing kernel, then copy over the newly compiled one ... )
# cp .config /boot/config-`uname -r`
# cp System.map /boot/System-`uname -r`
# cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-`uname -r`
(Emerge the needed packages)
# emerge wireless-tools
# ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" emerge ipw2100
(Add IPW2100 kernel module to appropriate config file)
# nano -w /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6
ipw2100
# modules-update
# reboot
(Connect to wireless networks now! Here is an example ... )
# iwconfig eth1 essid linksys enc 1234512345
    ^-- This will connect to AP "linksys" with a WEP key of "1234512345"
(If not using WEP just remove the "enc" part)

[edit]
UPDATE: The remainder of this guide is now outdated, there is an ebuild for the ipw2100 module (doesn't need hostap anymore). All the necessary informations to make it work are displayed at the end of the ebuild process.


Might want to also check out: http://ipw2100.sourceforge.net/






[edit]
initial configuration

#  getting the correct kernel sources and getting the kernel installed
emerge =/usr/portage/sys-kernel/gentoo-sources/gentoo-sources-2.6.5.ebuild

take care of configuring your kernel, make sure CONFIG_NET_RADIO=y in your kernel config


[edit]
let's get things up and running
[edit]
getting hostap-driver installed (ipw2100 needs it for WEP)

wget http://hostap.epitest.fi/releases/hostap-driver-0.1.3.tar.gz
tar zxvf hostap-driver-0.1.3.tar.gz
cd hostap-driver-0.1.3 && make && make install

[edit]
installing ipw2100

wget http://umn.dl.sourceforge.net/so ... 00/ipw2100-0.45.tgz
tar zxvf ipw2100-0.45.tgz
mv ipw2100-0.45 /usr/src/linux/drivers/net/wireless/ipw2100
cd /usr/src/linux
patch -p1 < drivers/net/wireless/ipw2100/patches/ipw2100-2.6.5-patch

[edit]
almost there ...

now we need to go in and build ipw2100 into the kernel

cd /usr/src/linux
make menuconfig

Enable Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 under Network Devices => Wireless

NOTE:

      You must have EXPERIMENTAL turned on to see the Intel PRO/Wireless
      option.  You can set this in Code Maturity Setting Options.
                                                                              

ALSO NOTE:

      You only need the av5100 module if you have an Averatec laptop.
      You only need the pbe5 module if you have a Packard Bell EasyNote E5
      laptop.

[edit]
getting the firmware ready

wget http://www.the-energy.net/gentoo-wiki/96377_96377.zip
unzip 96377_96377.zip

NOTE:

      you must have unzip installed for that previous command to work

    * make sure /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware/ is there, if it's not, go ahead and make sure that path exists.

cp * /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware/ && cp *.fw /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware
chmod +x *.fw

NOTE:

     The IPW2100 supports loading of firmware via the Linux firmware hotplug
     capability.  In order to use this, you must enable CONFIG_FW_LOADER in your
     kernel configuration.  In 2.6.x this option is enabled via:
          Device Drivers ->
               Generic Driver Options ->
                       Hotplug firmware loading support

You will also need to have sysfs mounted. You can do this by adding an entry to /etc/fstab similar to this:

none            /sys            sysfs   defaults                0       0

If the directory /sys does not already exist, you will need to create it:

mkdir /sys

You can then mount the sysfs partition via:

mount -a

firmware is ready to go ....
[edit]
ALMOST there this time, REALLY =)

modprobe hostap
modprobe ipw2100
emerge wireless-tools

you can try and work out iwconfig, but I had A LOT of issues with it, it was really picky about the order options were passed to it, so you might try the one I've come up with ...

wget http://www.the-energy.net/gentoo-wiki/wireless.sh

go ahead and edit that to your liking ...

sh wireless.sh

WHAM BAM!!! you're money now!
[edit]
some additional notes

something you might do is

emerge hotplug
rc-update add hotplug default

Just something that will make things a little easier. If you use udev, this is obligatory.

cktan981212

小弟的系统也是gentoo 2005. installation会比较复杂啦，不过还好有Handbook. wireless in gentoo 没试过.

jimmy_0

谁有GENTOO,
要报效CＤ给我吗？
最近的网络够慢．．．
懒惰下载．．．

cktan981212

jimmy_0 于 9-7-2005 09:10 AM  说 :
谁有GENTOO,
要报效CＤ给我吗？
最近的网络够慢．．．
懒惰下载．．．

CD borrowed by the CTO liao....

jimmy_0

安装后，　我尝试configure我的wifi网络看看．．．．
现在的网络够慢．．．
才到10%而已．．．
应该睡起来后，　就可以使用了吧～
但是，　还是要整理我架palia laptop ...

CooKies37

哗，真的很谢谢大家啦。.给了我这么多的方法和意见。。。。哈哈。。。

不过，我现在还不能够尝试大家所提议的方法来setup我的wireless。。。因为我的laptop因为overheat的缘故进厂了！！


对了，大家觉得gentoo是否好用？比起其他较出名的distro：像redhat, mandrake等。。。为何感觉上好象很少人用gentoo呢？

不过，关于：

小弟真的很羡慕各位大哥们的那些script和command的技巧，想学又不知怎样开始。。。。来来去去就只会 ls , cp, mv, dir, 这些普通的，我都还没完全搞清楚呢。。。尤其是那些switch.. -l -a --a? 哈。。。真的很水。。。请问各位大哥，我应该去那里学啊？gentoo的handbook没有教这些冬冬怎样用啊。。。而且，也不懂是否linux任何distro里的command是不是也可以用在gentoo里？但是，我想单单是emerge就很难了。。。好象其他distro都没有用emerge的。。。。

还有，想知道各位大哥是如何学会复杂的command的？我觉得如果单单只是看或读，根本不能真正领会那个command的用法，必须、亲身去使用，一直用，一直写程式。。。才能熟练，不是吗？但是，问题就是，我有时候根本不懂要如何去practice....有任何提议？

还有请各位大哥指教指教。。。嘻嘻。。。

chinkai80

[quote]对了，大家觉得gentoo是否好用？比起其他较出名的distro：像redhat, mandrake等。。。为何感觉上好象很少人用gentoo呢？[/qoute]

我也在用 gentoo.

redhat, mandrake 很好。。 就是太好了， 结果給了我一大堆没用的 package.
Linux from Scratch 又好麻烦。
结果就用 gentoo. 一用就上瘾了。

现在嘛， 一方面在公司 support redhat, 自己的 workstation 在跑 gentoo,
老闆好多声音哦。

担心黑客

不会用..... 可以教小弟吗???

cktan981212

原帖由 chinkai80 于 13-7-2005 12:22 AM 发表
[quote]对了，大家觉得gentoo是否好用？比起其他较出名的distro：像redhat, mandrake等。。。为何感觉上好象很少人用gentoo呢？[/qoute]

我也在用 gentoo.

redhat, mandrake 很好。。 就是太好了， 结果給了 ...

我的workstation 也是跑Gentoo啦。em....installation 会比较麻烦，

我要安装在我的LAPTOP, 也有问题.
都无法安装...
就听在那个画面.

CooKies37

spexcellence:

我要安装在我的LAPTOP, 也有问题.
都无法安装...
就听在那个画面.

嗯，为什么不能按装啊？应该没问题啊，我也是成功安装进我的laptop啦。。。。详细形容你的问题，看看可否帮到你。。。

原帖由 CooKies37 于 14-7-2005 04:50 PM 发表
spexcellence:


嗯，为什么不能按装啊？应该没问题啊，我也是成功安装进我的laptop啦。。。。详细形容你的问题，看看可否帮到你。。。

就是停在黑色画面...
就不会动了..
也不知道是什么问题..

jimmy_0

第一次就安装成功...
GENTOO好象没有安装PACKAGE的..
好象要自己手动的安装哦!!!

请问你们是下载 ISO 吗？还是在哪里拿到光碟？

可以提供我一个最近更新过的 Gentoo 下载地址吗？

我进到 gentoo official webpage,  -> mirror 里头都是 directory viewing style，没有什么说明，我不大敢肯定要下哪个。。。硬碟空间有限啊 =_=