The origin of Minnan and Hakka, the so-called “Taiwanese”, inferred by HLA study
M. Lin1,2,
C.-C. Chu1,
S.-L. Chang2,
H.-L. Lee1,
J.-H. Loo1,
T. Akaza3,
T. Juji3,
J. Ohashi4 and
K. Tokunaga4
1 Transfusion Medicine Research Laboratory, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
2 Immunohematology Reference Laboratory, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
3 Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
4 Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
* Correspondence to:Marie Lin, M.D. Transfusion Medicine Research Laboratory Mackay Memorial Hospital 45, Ming-Shen Rd. Tan Sui Taipei Hsien Taiwan Fax: +886 2 25433638 e-mail: [email protected]
Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture
Bo Wen1,2, Hui Li1, Daru Lu1, Xiufeng Song1, Feng Zhang1, Yungang He1, Feng Li1, Yang Gao1, Xianyun Mao1, Liang Zhang1, Ji Qian1, Jingze Tan1, Jianzhong Jin1, Wei Huang2, Ranjan Deka3, Bing Su1,3,4, Ranajit Chakraborty3 & Li Jin1,3
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Center for Anthropological Studies, School of Life Sciences and Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai 201203, China
Center for Genome Information, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA
Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture
Bo Wen1,2, Hui Li1, Daru Lu1, Xiufeng Song1, Feng Zhang1, Yungang He1, Feng Li1, Yang Gao1, Xianyun Mao1, Liang Zhang1, Ji Qian1, Jingze Tan1, Jianzhong Jin1, Wei Huang2, Ranjan Deka3, Bing Su1,3,4, Ranajit Chakraborty3 & Li Jin1,3
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Center for Anthropological Studies, School of Life Sciences and Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai 201203, China
Center for Genome Information, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA
Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
The spread of culture and language in human populations is explained by two alternative models: the demic diffusion model, which involves mass movement of people; and the cultural diffusion model, which refers to cultural impact between populations and involves limited genetic exchange between them1. The mechanism of the peopling of Europe has long been debated, a key issue being whether the diffusion of agriculture and language from the Near East was concomitant with a large movement of farmers1, 2, 3. Here we show, by systematically analysing Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA variation in Han populations, that the pattern of the southward expansion of Han culture is consistent with the demic diffusion model, and that males played a larger role than females in this expansion. The Han people, who all share the same culture and language, exceed 1.16 billion (2000 census), and are by far the largest ethnic group in the world. The expansion process of Han culture is thus of great interest to researchers in many fields.
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发表于 23-1-2016 10:16 PM
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